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Writer's pictureEdward D. Andrews
Jul 1414 min read

What Does the Bible Say About Euthanasia?

Euthanasia, the act of intentionally ending a person's life to relieve suffering, is a deeply controversial and complex issue. As believers seek to navigate the moral and ethical implications of euthanasia, it is essential to turn to the Bible for guidance. The Scriptures provide principles and teachings that help us understand God's perspective on life, death, and the sanctity of human life. This comprehensive examination will explore the biblical view on euthanasia, considering various Scriptures and their applications.



The Sanctity of Human Life


The Bible consistently affirms the sanctity of human life, emphasizing that life is a precious gift from God. From the very beginning, Scripture declares that humans are created in the image of God, which bestows inherent dignity and value upon every individual. Genesis 1:27 states, "And God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them."


This foundational truth establishes the basis for the Christian view that life is sacred and must be protected. The belief that humans bear the image of God means that life has intrinsic worth, independent of circumstances such as age, health, or quality of life.

Psalm 36:9 further emphasizes, "For with You is the fountain of life; in Your light we see light." Life's sacredness stems from its divine source, Jehovah, who alone holds the authority over life and death.



God's Sovereignty Over Life and Death


Another critical aspect of the biblical view on euthanasia is the acknowledgment of God's sovereignty over life and death. The Bible teaches that God is the author of life and that He alone has the authority to give and take away life. Job 1:21 reflects this belief: "And he said, 'Naked I came from my mother’s womb, and naked I shall return there. Jehovah gave, and Jehovah has taken away. Blessed be the name of Jehovah.'"


This recognition of God's ultimate control over life and death underpins the Christian conviction that humans should not usurp God's role by deciding when to end a life. It underscores the belief that life and death are in God's hands and that we must trust His wisdom and timing.



The Prohibition Against Murder


The Bible explicitly prohibits murder, which is the intentional taking of innocent human life. The sixth commandment, found in Exodus 20:13, states, "You shall not murder." This commandment forms a core principle of biblical ethics and highlights the sanctity of human life.


While euthanasia is often framed as a compassionate response to suffering, it nonetheless involves the intentional ending of a life, which can be seen as violating the biblical prohibition against murder. This perspective emphasizes that human life should be preserved and protected, even in the face of suffering and terminal illness.



Compassion and Care for the Suffering


The Bible also emphasizes the importance of compassion and care for those who are suffering. Believers are called to demonstrate love and mercy, reflecting the character of Christ in their actions. Colossians 3:12-13 encourages, "So, as those who have been chosen of God, holy and beloved, put on a heart of compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience; bearing with one another, and forgiving each other, whoever has a complaint against anyone; just as the Lord forgave you, so also should you."


This call to compassion involves providing support and care for those who are in pain or facing the end of life. Rather than seeking to end their lives, believers are encouraged to offer comfort, alleviate suffering through medical and palliative care, and provide emotional and spiritual support.



The Role of Suffering in the Christian Life


Suffering is a significant theme in the Bible, and it is often portrayed as having a purpose in the life of a believer. While the presence of suffering is a result of the fallen world, the Bible teaches that God can use suffering for His purposes and for the growth of the individual. Romans 5:3-5 states, "And not only this, but we also exult in our tribulations, knowing that tribulation brings about perseverance; and perseverance, proven character; and proven character, hope; and hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out within our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us."


This perspective encourages believers to view suffering as an opportunity for spiritual growth and reliance on God. It challenges the idea that euthanasia, as a means to escape suffering, aligns with God's purposes. Instead, it calls for a trust in God's plan and a commitment to endure suffering with faith and hope.



Biblical Examples Relating to Euthanasia


The Bible provides narratives that, while not directly addressing modern euthanasia, offer insights into how the sanctity of life and the handling of death were viewed by God’s people.


1. The Case of King Saul: In 1 Samuel 31:3-4, King Saul, severely wounded in battle, asked his armor-bearer to kill him to avoid capture. The armor-bearer refused, leading Saul to fall on his own sword. Later, an Amalekite claimed to have killed Saul at his request, hoping for a reward from David. Instead, David ordered the Amalekite's execution for killing the anointed king (2 Samuel 1:2-16). This incident illustrates that taking life, even at the request of the dying, was considered a grave wrongdoing.


2. Job’s Response to Suffering: Job’s wife suggested he curse God and die (Job 2:9), essentially advocating for an end to his suffering. Job rebuked her, maintaining his integrity and trust in God despite his immense suffering (Job 2:10). Job’s response underscores the biblical principle of enduring suffering while maintaining faith and integrity.



The Hope of Eternal Life


Central to the Christian faith is the hope of eternal life through Jesus Christ. This hope provides a profound perspective on life and death, offering assurance that physical death is not the end but a transition to eternal life with God. John 11:25-26 records Jesus' words: "Jesus said to her, 'I am the resurrection and the life; he who believes in Me will live even if he dies, and everyone who lives and believes in Me will never die. Do you believe this?'"


This promise of eternal life encourages believers to face death with confidence and peace, knowing that their ultimate destiny is with God. It provides a framework for understanding the end of life, emphasizing the importance of faith and the eternal perspective over immediate relief from suffering through euthanasia.



The Value of Palliative Care


In light of the biblical principles of compassion and the sanctity of life, palliative care emerges as a valuable approach to end-of-life care. Palliative care focuses on alleviating pain and symptoms, providing emotional and spiritual support, and improving the quality of life for those facing terminal illnesses. It aligns with the biblical call to care for the suffering without resorting to the intentional ending of life.


Proverbs 31:8-9 advocates for speaking up for those who cannot speak for themselves and defending the rights of the needy: "Open your mouth for the mute, for the rights of all the unfortunate. Open your mouth, judge righteously, and defend the rights of the afflicted and needy." Palliative care embodies this advocacy, ensuring that the needs of the suffering are met with dignity and compassion.



Ethical Considerations and the Role of Conscience


The ethical considerations surrounding euthanasia are complex and multifaceted. Believers must grapple with the moral implications of end-of-life decisions, guided by biblical principles and the leading of the Holy Spirit. Romans 14:22-23 emphasizes the role of conscience in ethical decision-making: "The faith which you have, have as your own conviction before God. Happy is he who does not condemn himself in what he approves. But he who doubts is condemned if he eats because his eating is not from faith; and whatever is not from faith is sin."


This passage underscores the importance of acting according to one's conscience, informed by faith and biblical teachings. In the context of euthanasia, it calls believers to carefully consider their decisions, ensuring they align with the principles of life’s sanctity, compassion, and God's sovereignty.



The Importance of Community Support


Navigating the complexities of end-of-life care and decisions about euthanasia requires the support and guidance of the Christian community. Believers are called to bear one another's burdens and provide mutual encouragement and counsel. Galatians 6:2 instructs, "Bear one another’s burdens, and thereby fulfill the law of Christ."


This communal support is vital in helping individuals and families facing difficult decisions. The church can provide practical assistance, emotional support, and spiritual counsel, ensuring that decisions are made with wisdom, compassion, and faithfulness to biblical principles.



Addressing the Fear of Suffering and Death


Fear of suffering and death is a significant factor in the consideration of euthanasia. The Bible addresses these fears by offering assurance of God's presence and care. Psalm 23:4 provides comfort: "Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil, for You are with me; Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me."


This assurance of God's presence and the promise of His comfort help believers face the end of life with peace and confidence. It challenges the notion that euthanasia is a necessary response to the fear of suffering, instead encouraging trust in God's provision and care.



The Testimony of Jesus' Suffering


The suffering of Jesus Christ serves as a profound example for believers facing their own suffering. Jesus endured immense physical and emotional pain, yet He entrusted Himself to the Father's will. Hebrews 12:2 encourages believers to look to Jesus as the ultimate example: "Fixing our eyes on Jesus, the author and perfecter of faith, who for the joy set before Him endured the cross, despising the shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God."


Jesus' example teaches believers to endure suffering with faith and trust in God's purposes. It provides a powerful testimony that suffering, while challenging, can be a means of glorifying God and fulfilling His will.



Biblical Examples of End-of-Life Faithfulness


The Bible contains several examples of individuals who faced the end of life with faith and trust in God. These examples provide inspiration and guidance for believers navigating similar situations.


1. Stephen's Martyrdom: In Acts 7:54-60, Stephen, the first Christian martyr, faced death with unwavering faith. As he was being stoned, he prayed for his persecutors and entrusted his spirit to Jesus, saying, "Lord Jesus, receive my spirit." Stephen's faithfulness in the face of death exemplifies trust in God's sovereignty and the hope of eternal life.


2. Paul's Anticipation of Death: The apostle Paul faced the prospect of death with confidence in God's promises. In 2 Timothy 4:6-8, he writes, "For I am already being poured out as a drink offering, and the time of my departure has come. I have fought the good fight, I have finished the course, I have kept the faith; in the future there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will award to me on that day; and not only to me, but also to all who have loved His appearing." Paul's anticipation of his eternal reward demonstrates the Christian perspective on death and the hope of resurrection.



The Role of Faith in End-of-Life Decisions


Faith plays a crucial role in shaping how believers approach end-of-life decisions. Hebrews 11:1 defines faith as "the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen." This assurance provides a framework for understanding and navigating the complexities of life and death, including decisions about euthanasia.


Faith calls believers to trust in God's sovereignty, embrace the sanctity of life, and seek to reflect Christ's love and compassion in all circumstances. It provides the strength and perspective needed to face the end of life with confidence and hope.



The Importance of Hope in the Christian Life


Hope is a central theme in the Christian life, offering assurance and encouragement in the face of suffering and death. Romans 15:13 expresses this hope: "Now may the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, so that you will abound in hope by the power of the Holy Spirit."


This hope is grounded in the promises of God and the reality of eternal life through Jesus Christ. It provides a foundation for making decisions that honor God and uphold the sanctity of life, even in the face of terminal illness and suffering.



Practical Applications of Biblical Principles


Applying biblical principles to the issue of euthanasia involves practical steps that reflect the teachings of Scripture. These steps include providing compassionate care, advocating for ethical medical practices, supporting those facing end-of-life decisions, and trusting in God's sovereignty.


1. Compassionate Care: Providing compassionate care for those who are suffering is a tangible expression of Christ's love. This care includes addressing physical pain through palliative measures, offering emotional support, and providing spiritual counsel. Believers are called to be the hands and feet of Christ, ministering to those in need with love and compassion.


2. Ethical Medical Practices: Advocating for ethical medical practices that uphold the sanctity of life is essential. This includes supporting policies and practices that prioritize palliative care, pain management, and holistic support for terminally ill patients. It also involves opposing practices that intentionally end life, such as euthanasia and assisted suicide.


3. Supporting End-of-Life Decisions: Believers can provide support and counsel to individuals and families facing end-of-life decisions. This support includes helping them understand and apply biblical principles, praying with them, and offering practical assistance. The church community plays a vital role in providing a network of care and encouragement during these difficult times.


4. Trusting in God's Sovereignty: Ultimately, trusting in God's sovereignty is central to the Christian approach to end-of-life decisions. This trust involves surrendering to God's wisdom and timing, believing that He is in control and that His plans are for our good. It encourages believers to face the end of life with faith, hope, and confidence in God's promises.



The Witness of the Christian Community


The way the Christian community addresses issues like euthanasia serves as a witness to the world. John 13:34-35 records Jesus' command to love one another: "A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another, even as I have loved you, that you also love one another. By this all men will know that you are My disciples, if you have love for one another."


By upholding the sanctity of life, demonstrating compassion, and providing ethical care, the Christian community bears witness to the transformative power of the Gospel. This witness challenges the culture of death and offers a life-affirming alternative that reflects God's love and truth.



The Role of Prayer in End-of-Life Care


Prayer is a vital aspect of end-of-life care, providing comfort, guidance, and spiritual support. James 5:13-15 encourages believers to pray for those who are suffering: "Is anyone among you suffering? Then he must pray. Is anyone cheerful? He is to sing praises. Is anyone among you sick? Then he must call for the elders of the church and they are to pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord; and the prayer offered in faith will restore the one who is sick, and the Lord will raise him up, and if he has committed sins, they will be forgiven him."


Prayer brings the presence and peace of God into situations of suffering and terminal illness. It provides strength and encouragement for both the patient and their loved ones, affirming God's care and sovereignty.


The Biblical Perspective on Death


The Bible offers a unique perspective on death, viewing it as a transition rather than an end. For believers, death is the passage to eternal life with God, where there is no more pain or suffering. Revelation 21:4 provides this hopeful vision: "And He will wipe away every tear from their eyes; and there will no longer be any death; there will no longer be any mourning, or crying, or pain; the first things have passed away."


This perspective shapes the Christian approach to end-of-life care, emphasizing the hope and assurance of eternal life. It encourages believers to face death with faith and confidence, trusting in God's promises.



The Slippery Slope of Legalizing Euthanasia


The legalization of euthanasia presents a significant ethical and moral dilemma, often leading to unintended and dire consequences. One of the most concerning aspects of this issue is the slippery slope that can turn a practice meant to alleviate suffering into a mechanism for widespread abuse and even genocide.


The Risk of Expanding Criteria


When euthanasia is first legalized, it is often limited to individuals experiencing unbearable suffering due to terminal illnesses. However, history and current trends show that the criteria for eligibility can quickly expand. In countries like Canada, the initial strict guidelines have broadened to include individuals with non-terminal conditions, including mental health issues. This expansion raises grave concerns about the potential for abuse and the devaluation of human life.


Euthanasia as a Substitute for Proper Care


A troubling trend in the discussion around euthanasia is its use as a substitute for proper care and support. In Canada, there have been instances where teenagers struggling with depression are offered medically assisted suicide instead of comprehensive counseling and mental health support. This approach not only fails to address the underlying issues but also sends a harmful message that their lives are not worth fighting for.


Moreover, there have been cases where young people with disabilities are being guided towards euthanasia. The societal implication is clear: when euthanasia becomes an easier and cheaper option than providing long-term care, there is a dangerous incentive to choose death over life. This situation raises significant ethical questions about the value placed on the lives of the disabled and vulnerable.



Financial Incentives and Cost-Cutting Measures


The economic aspect of euthanasia cannot be ignored. Providing extensive medical care and support for individuals with chronic illnesses or disabilities is costly. In contrast, euthanasia can be seen as a more cost-effective solution. This financial incentive creates a perilous situation where the decision to end a life can be influenced by budgetary concerns rather than the best interests of the patient. Such a practice not only undermines the ethical foundation of medical care but also endangers the lives of those who may be pressured into euthanasia due to economic reasons.



The Path to Genocide


The slippery slope of euthanasia legalization can lead to extreme and horrifying outcomes. When society begins to accept the practice of ending lives to alleviate suffering, it opens the door to broader justifications for euthanasia. Historically, this path has led to genocide. The devaluation of certain lives, whether based on age, health status, or perceived societal worth, can escalate to systematic extermination. The most vulnerable populations, including the disabled, the elderly, and those with mental health issues, are at the greatest risk.


Lessons from History


Historical examples, such as the eugenics programs of the early 20th century, illustrate how the initial acceptance of euthanasia and assisted suicide can evolve into widespread human rights abuses. These programs, which began with the intention of improving the genetic quality of the population, ultimately led to the forced sterilization and extermination of those deemed unworthy of life. The echoes of these practices in today’s discussions about euthanasia are chilling and warrant careful consideration.


The slippery slope of legalizing euthanasia is a grave concern that calls for rigorous ethical scrutiny and a commitment to safeguarding the sanctity of life. The expansion of euthanasia criteria, financial incentives to choose death over care, and the potential for societal abuse highlight the need for a cautious and principled approach. It is essential to learn from history and ensure that the value of every human life is upheld, protecting the most vulnerable from the risks associated with legalized euthanasia.


Addressing the Emotional and Spiritual Needs


In addition to physical care, addressing the emotional and spiritual needs of those facing the end of life is crucial. This holistic approach reflects the biblical understanding of human beings as integrated physical, emotional, and spiritual beings. Providing spiritual support includes offering Scripture readings, prayer, and pastoral care, helping individuals find peace and assurance in God's promises.


The Importance of Informed Decisions


Making informed decisions about end-of-life care involves understanding the medical, ethical, and spiritual implications. Believers are encouraged to seek wisdom and guidance from Scripture, trusted medical professionals, and their faith community. Proverbs 19:20-21 advises, "Listen to counsel and accept discipline, that you may be wise the rest of your days. Many plans are in a man’s heart, but the counsel of Jehovah will stand."


By seeking informed counsel and relying on God's wisdom, believers can navigate the complexities of end-of-life decisions with faith and integrity.


About the Author

EDWARD D. ANDREWS (AS in Criminal Justice, BS in Religion, MA in Biblical Studies, and MDiv in Theology) is CEO and President of Christian Publishing House. He has authored over 220+ books. In addition, Andrews is the Chief Translator of the Updated American Standard Version (UASV).


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